Kalman VR Training for MANPADS Operators

Kalman VR Training for MANPADS Operators

Tactical simulator for anti-aircraft training using real-time VR and hardware integration
2023-2025
Year
Mixed Reality
Tech
Ukraine MoD
Client
What’s KalmanVR App?

KalmanVR is a comprehensive VR training system for MANPADS (man-portable air-defense systems) designed for rapid, realistic, and resource-efficient operator training. Built for the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine, the system enables soldiers to train with Strela, Igla, and Stinger systems using a combination of virtual reality, physical simulators, and instructor control software.

The system includes a VR app for Meta Quest 2 & 3 headsets for the operator; a Windows-based instructor app to create and assign combat scenarios; a Server module to process data and ensure full offline mobility; and a Life-sized physical MANPADS simulator synced with the virtual environment for realistic aiming, calibration, and firing.

The goal is to provide cost-effective, scalable training without using live ammunition — where each real missile costs from $10,000 to $50,000 — while achieving maximum precision in simulation and decision-making under stress.

 

Client’s wants & needs
Full Mission Simulation

Allow instructors to set up custom air defense missions, including aircraft type (drone, jet, helicopter) and target speed and trajectory, altitude, weather, time of day, and terrain.

 

High-Fidelity Weapon Simulation

Replicate the exact physics, mechanics, and interface of real-world Strela, Igla, and Stinger launchers within VR and physical hardware.

Offline Local Networking

Ensure that the system functions without internet, using secure LAN communication without bulky cables or external infrastructure.

Instructor Dashboard

Provide a full control panel for instructors to create missions, observe performance, analyze reaction times, decision-making, and scoring.

How we did it?
01
Field Research with Soldiers & Instructors

We conducted interviews and sessions with active-duty instructors and operators to understand the exact procedures, conditions, and decision-making processes in MANPADS operation.

02
UX & Scenario Design

We mapped user flows for both the operator in VR and the instructor on desktop, ensuring intuitive scenario creation and immersive simulation fidelity.

03
Ballistic Physics Engine

We built a custom mathematical model for the missile’s behavior and target physics, allowing real-time interaction and training on hit probability, angle, and launch timing.

04
Hardware-VR Integration

Developed seamless synchronization between the real-size MANPADS training hardware and the VR simulation — enabling physical aiming, calibration, and launching.

05
Cross-Platform Application Development

Built two lightweight apps – a VR module for Meta Quest 2 & 3 and a Desktop dashboard for instructors (Windows). Both connected wirelessly over LAN via a local server hub.

06
Offline & Mobile Deployment Architecture

Designed the system for full offline use — portable, rugged, and self-contained — with no internet access required and all components fitting into a single field-ready transport case.

07
Testing & Refinement with Units

We iteratively tested the system with military personnel, applied feedback, and optimized UX, calibration precision, and weapon responsiveness.

Challenges we overcame

Accurate missile trajectory modeling within constrained VR environments

Precise synchronization between the virtual system and the real-world MANPADS simulator

Replicating real combat dynamics with limited hardware dependencies

Balancing training realism and system mobility for front-line deployment

Ensuring modular deployment with no internet or server racks

Project results

KalmanVR is now actively used by multiple divisions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, training hundreds of new operators in realistic combat scenarios. The system significantly reduces resource costs, shortens onboarding time, and ensures safe repetition of complex air-defense maneuvers.

Its offline portability allows it to be deployed across operational zones, and its immersive realism helps soldiers achieve precision under pressure, with no need to fire real ammunition during learning.

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